Pliny the Elder
Also known as: Caius Plinius Secundus · the Elder Pliny · Caius P. Secundus · Pliny · C. Plinius Secundus · Gaius P. Secundus
Gaius Plinius Secundus, known in English as Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, scientist, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, procurator, and friend of the emperor Vespasian.
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Primary historical source documenting the architect's career
Pliny's 'Natural History' is one of the few ancient texts that explicitly names Paeonius of Ephesus as a contributor to the construction of the Temple of Artemis.
Primary historical source
Pliny the Elder's 'Naturalis Historia' provides the most detailed ancient accounts of Scopas's life and his specific sculptural commissions.
Primary historical source for the temple's dimensions
Pliny the Elder provided detailed, though sometimes debated, descriptions of the temple's size and architectural features in his encyclopedic work Naturalis Historia.
Historical chronicler of the architect's life
Pliny the Elder provides key historical accounts regarding Chersiphron's architectural contributions and the scale of his temple design.