Second scholasticism Also known as: early-modern scholasticism · late scholasticism · post-medieval scholasticism · Baroque scholasticism
Community · Common good 1 The movement flourished during the 16th and 17th centuries as a revival of traditional scholastic methods. 2 It is distinguished by its analytical complexity and a significant increase in the volume of academic literature. 3 Proponents applied a more developed sense of historical and literary criticism to their theological and philosophical texts. 4 The scope of the movement surpassed the original medieval scholasticism in both breadth and the number of active participants. Second scholasticism, also called Modern scholasticism, is the period of revival of scholastic system of philosophy and theology, in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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Primary intellectual source for the revival
The Second Scholasticism was fundamentally a return to and re-interpretation of the works of Thomas Aquinas, aiming to apply his synthesis to modern problems.
Key figure of the Second Scholasticism
A Jesuit philosopher and theologian whose work, particularly 'Disputationes Metaphysicae', became the standard textbook for the Second Scholasticism across Europe.
Institutional driver of the revival
The Jesuits were the primary proponents of the Second Scholasticism, utilizing it as the core curriculum in their global network of colleges.
Theological product of the movement
Molinism represents the specific theological school developed during the Second Scholasticism to address the tension between divine grace and free will.
intellectual movement that shaped Luis de Molina
Molina is a key figure of this revival of Thomistic thought, which applied medieval scholastic methods to the new challenges of the Renaissance and early modern era.
Historical context of the revival
The Second Scholasticism served as the intellectual engine of the Counter-Reformation, providing the rigorous theological defense of Catholic doctrine against Protestant challenges.
Philosophical foundation
The Second Scholasticism was a revival of the Aristotelian tradition, utilizing his logic and metaphysics as the primary framework for theological discourse.
Prominent representative of the Second Scholasticism
A Jesuit theologian whose debates with Luis de Molina and Francisco Suárez shaped the intellectual landscape of the Second Scholasticism.
Central subject of inquiry
The nature of free will was a primary focus of Second Scholastic debates, particularly in the context of divine providence and grace.
theological and pedagogical framework
Arriaga's work is a quintessential example of the late Jesuit Scholastic tradition, which sought to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy with Catholic dogma.
historical period of Thomistic renewal
This era saw a systematic revival and expansion of Thomistic thought by theologians in the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly within the Jesuit and Dominican orders.
broader historical and philosophical movement
The School of Salamanca is the primary Spanish manifestation of this broader revival of Scholastic philosophy that occurred across Europe during the Renaissance.
Intellectual context of the revival
The Second Scholasticism emerged in dialogue with Renaissance Humanism, integrating humanistic philological methods into the traditional scholastic framework.
Historical influence on scholastic logic
His 'Summulae Logicales' remained a standard logical text that the Second Scholasticism engaged with and updated during their revival of medieval methods.
Second scholasticism , also referred to as Modern scholasticism , represents a significant intellectual revival of the scholastic philosophical and theological tradition that occurred during the 16th and 17th centuries . This movement expanded upon the foundations of medieval scholasticism by incorporating a more rigorous approach to academic inquiry and systematic analysis.
The jesuit and scholastic author Rodrigo de Arriaga Wikimedia Commons: File:71-_arriaga.jpg Ramus awaiting his murderers: wood engraving by Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury, 1840Wikimedia Commons: File:Salon_de_1840._Ramus_attendant_ses_assassins,_par_Robert_Fleury.jpg 17th century classroom at the University of Salamanca Wikimedia Commons: File:Class_at_Salamanca.jpg The period is characterized by a substantial increase in the number of scholars involved and a broader thematic scope compared to its predecessors. It demonstrated a heightened sense of historical and literary criticism , alongside a massive output of editorial production that remains a vast, largely untapped field of study for contemporary researchers.
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