Standard Model
Also known as: Core Theory · Standard Model of Particle Physics · SM
- 1The Standard Model describes three of the four fundamental forces.
- 2The current formulation was finalized in the mid-1970s.
- 3The top quark was experimentally confirmed in 1995.
- 4The tau neutrino was discovered in 2000.
- 5The Higgs boson was confirmed in 2012.
The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.
Connections1
theoretical framework shaped by his neutrino research
Pontecorvo's work on neutrino mass and oscillation provided essential evidence that the original Standard Model was incomplete, necessitating extensions to include neutrino mass.
The Standard Model of particle physics is the comprehensive theoretical framework that classifies all known elementary particles and describes three of the four fundamental forces in the universe. Developed throughout the latter half of the 20th century, the model reached its current form in the mid-1970s following the experimental confirmation of quarks.
An icon from the GNOME-icon-theme .Wikimedia Commons; GNOME Project; GNOME; CC BY-SA 3.0 us; Wikimedia Commons: Standard ModelStandard model of elementary particles: the 12 fundamental fermions and 5 fundamental bosons. Brown loops indicate which bosons (red) couple to which fermions (purple and green). Please note that the masses of certain particles are subject to periodic reevaluation by the scientific community. The values currently refl...Wikimedia Commons; Cush; Own work using: PBS NOVA [1] , Fermilab, Office of Science, United States Department of Energy , Particle Data Group; Public domain; Wikimedia Commons: Standard ModelStandard Model Lagrangian Density. The formula for the density Lagrangian of Yang-Mills theory in mathematical physics which describes all particles and forces in the Standard Model of particle physics. Theoretical physicists Chen Nin Yang and Robert Mills devised a quantum field theory for the electroweak and strong...Wikimedia Commons; Yang Chen-Ning and Robert Laurence Mills; Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Natuurkunde , september 2021, pagina 29; Public domain; Wikimedia Commons; Wikidata P18 (image) Since its inception, the model has been bolstered by the successful discovery of several predicted particles, including the top quark in 1995, the tau neutrino in 2000, and the Higgs boson in 2012. These experimental successes have confirmed the model's accuracy in predicting the properties of weak neutral currents as well as the behavior of W and Z bosons, cementing its status as the cornerstone of modern subatomic physics.