"Llenó de enojo esta noticia el ánimo de Jerjes, quien irritado mandó dar al Helesponto trescientos azotes de buena mano, y arrojar al fondo de él, al mismo tiempo, un par de grillos. Aún tengo oído más sobre ello, que envió allá unos verdugos para que marcasen al Helesponto."
Das Perserreich
Das Achämenidenreich: Herrscher, Verwaltung, Eroberungen und Verbindungen in Eurasien.

Episoden
Ice in the burning sands: how Achaemenid Persia conquered the desert heat since 400 BCE
Explore the armies, maneuver, and collapse of Darius III’s position at Gaugamela, with attention to cavalry and command decisions.
Examine the Greek decision to fight in restricted waters, the Persian fleet, and the commanders whose choices shaped the naval battle.
Study the Persian landing, Athenian and Plataean forces, and the battle near Marathon, separating the military episode from later running legends.
Investigate how Babylon passed into Persian rule and how its conquerors explained the change. Read the Cyrus Cylinder alongside accounts of Nabonidus, religious legitimacy, and imperial administration without treating royal propaganda as a modern rights charter.
Reconstruct the defense of the pass, the Persian advance, and the choices made by the Greek coalition. Compare the role of Spartan, Thespian, and other allied fighters with the later legend of the 300.
Life and journey of Alexander the Great
